METHODOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF THE INTERACTION OF CLASSICAL PSYCHOANALYSIS AND PHILOSOPHY

Abstract

The article examines the methodological aspects of psychoanalytic teaching. The relationship between psychoanalysis and philosophy is considered. An attempt is made to analyze the attitude to psychoanalysis in the system “myth – philosophy – science”. Explicated the main basic concepts of psychoanalytic teaching. The evolution of psychoanalytic views on human nature and development of his psyche is revealed. The criticism of psychoanalysis through the prism of different psychological and philosophical concepts is revealed. The influence of European philosophical thought on the formation of psychoanalysis is presented. Particular attention is paid to the critique of psychoanalysis by representatives of positivism and positivism. The focus is on the classical psychoanalysis of S. Freud and his followers and on the relationship between psychoanalysis and philosophy. It is shown that psychoanalytic concepts turn out to be the centre of attraction for philosophers of different worldview orientations, no matter how sharply and fundamentally they criticize certain psychoanalytic statements or, on the contrary, uncritically borrow the fundamental ideas of S. Freud. Psychoanalysis will continue providing the most exhaustive and clear insight into the human soul, stimulating research and understanding in many fields of human endeavour. Therefore, one of the most important tasks is to proceed with the further comprehension of the richest corpus of psychoanalytic ideas. The article considers psychoanalysis as a philosophical and ideological concept, attempts to describe the main elements of this teaching. The reconstruction of the problem field of psychoanalytic philosophy is made, which, thus, inscribes it in the historical and philosophical process, as one of its integral parts.