MILITARY VOCABULARY AS A COMPONENT OF MILITARY DISCOURSE AND ITS CLASSIFICATION

Abstract

The article examines military vocabulary as an integral component of military discourse, reflecting the specifics of communication in the spheres of defence, security, and the armed forces. The essence of military vocabulary, its functions in the professional speech of servicemen, and the main principles of its classification according to semantic, structural, and functional features are clarified. Military vocabulary is interpreted as a specific layer of the language system formed under the influence of historical events, technological progress, socio-political transformations, and the needs of military practice. The paper analyses the main groups of military terms, jargon, abbreviations, and phraseological units used in modern Ukrainian military discourse. The role of military terminology as a means of professional communication ensuring accuracy, brevity, and unambiguity in conveying information during combat operations and official interactions is particularly emphasized. The classification of military vocabulary into thematic groups is outlined: vocabulary related to types of troops, weapons, combat operations, command and control, communications, logistics, and moral-psychological aspects of service. Attention is drawn to the emergence of new lexical items as a result of transformations in contemporary wartime experience, particularly in the context of the Russian-Ukrainian war. The main trends in the development of military terminology are identified: active borrowing from the English language, the pursuit of standardization, and the adaptation of new concepts to the Ukrainian linguistic environment. In conclusion, it is proven that the study of military vocabulary is essential for forming a unified communicative system of the Armed Forces of Ukraine, developing military terminology, and improving professional language training.