PSYCHOLOGICAL FACTORS OF ADAPTATION OF FORCIBLY DISPLACED PERSONS FROM UKRAINE IN STRESSFUL LIFE SITUATIONS

Abstract

The article presents a theoretical and empirical analysis of the psychological factors influencing the adaptation of forcibly displaced persons from Ukraine under stressful life circumstances. The relevance of the study is обусловлена large-scale migration processes caused by wartime events, which are accompanied by increased psycho-emotional tension, disruption of social ties, identity crises, and the necessity to integrate into a new socio-cultural environment. Forced displacement is considered a powerful stressogenic factor that exceeds ordinary adaptive demands and significantly affects an individual’s mental well-being. The theoretical and methodological foundation of the study is based on the concept of the General Adaptation Syndrome by Hans Selye, the cognitive theory of stress and coping by Richard Lazarus and Susan Folkman, John Berry’s model of acculturation strategies, as well as contemporary approaches to the study of refugees’ mental health and traumatization. The article generalizes modern scientific approaches to understanding adaptation as a dynamic process of interaction between personal resources, coping strategies, levels of anxiety, stress resistance, and social support. A comprehensive analysis of the results made it possible to identify the relationship between high anxiety, chronic stress, a deficit of social support, and the dominance of maladaptive coping strategies as systemic factors of maladjustment. At the same time, the presence of a group with high levels of adaptation and resilience indicates the potential of internal personal resources that can be actualized through psychocorrectional and socio-psychological interventions. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the comprehensive empirical investigation of the psychological factors of adaptation of forcibly displaced persons under real conditions of wartime stress and prolonged social transformations. The practical significance of the results consists in the possibility of their application in the development of psychological support programs aimed at reducing anxiety levels, forming adaptive coping strategies, strengthening resilience, and enhancing the social resources of forcibly displaced persons.