TRANSLATION METHODS FOR PRESERVING THE ORIGINALITY OF CULTURALLY MARKED UNITS IN UKRAINIAN

Abstract

The article deals with the problem of preserving national specificity in translating culturally marked units in the pair ‘English-Ukrainian languages’ on the material of J. Austen's fiction novel “Pride and Prejudice” and its translation, fulfilled by Volodymyr Horbatko. The paper indicates the theoretical basis for culturally marked unit translation and the main areas of study of this translation problem. An attempt has been made to approach the definition of the translation category ‘a culturally marked unit’ through related terms: a realia, a lacuna, a non-equivalent lexeme, cultural references and culture-specific lexis. The article presents a typology of culturally marked units selected from the English text of the analyzed novel. It is noted that a significant proportion of the selected types concerned precisely the description of the English societal class features and the ordering of their interrelations, which is explained by the idiostyle of J. Austen. Translation techniques used by the Ukrainian translator are identified and commented. The translation techniques used are described through specific examples, and their feasibility is analyzed from the standpoint of preserving the author's pragmatics. Both specific and mixed translation methods have been found, and the appropriateness of their combination is commented. As a result, it is noted that the diversity of culturally marked units requires an individual approach to each culturally marked unit and type in particular. The importance of the translator's possession of background knowledge about the history and culture of English society is highlighted, as well as the peculiarities of the life of J. Austen, given the time and cultural distance between the novel and the Ukrainian reader. Translation techniques have been found, which, according to the article's authors, could have reproduced the author's pragmatics more effectively. Cases of culturally marked unit translation were also described, where the translation levelled the author's pragmatics without losing the value for the understanding of the text by Ukrainian readers.