COMPLEX WORDS IN GERMAN MEDIA TEXTS OF THE PERIOD OF MILITARY ACTIONS IN UKRAINE

Abstract

The purpose of the study is to analyze and identify trends in the development of the most characteristic ways of word formation for the German language – word composition. The research utilized materials from German online media publications covering events in Ukraine during the period of full-scale military aggression by the Russian Federation. These are texts of an informative, analytical, socio-political, and military-political nature, united by the theme of a real war, its consequences, and the reactions of the countries of the world to these events. The lexical-semantic system of a language can rapidly change its structure and vocabulary under the influence of extreme events in the country or the world. Words previously considered peripheral, such as those in professional or specialist categories, quickly become commonly used. Phenomena like terminologization and determinologization of vocabulary are observed, along with the emergence of new terms, borrowings, and other linguistic changes. Сompounding in German is one of the most productive ways of word formation, resulting in spontaneous nominations that can exist for a short time or remain in the language for a long time. Analysis of new word formations, areas of their use, new trends in word formation processes are the subject of this study. The appearance of new works in media texts actualizes the problem of their correct interpretation and proper translation. This is especially important for professional vocabulary and composite terms. The absence of newly formed nominations in dictionaries often leads to a misunderstanding of their meanings and requires additional clarification. The following methods and methods of analysis were used in the study: a descriptive method aimed at identifying the studied units and determining their features, a method of analysing dictionary definitions, a method of quantitative analysis, a structural method related to morphological analysis and component analysis of word-composites, a lexical-semantic analysis.