VIEWS OF BERNARD SHAW AND YAKIV MAMONTOV ON DRAMATURGY AND THEATER

Abstract

In the article, in a comparative aspect, the views of B. Shaw and Ya. Mamontov on the tasks of criticism, ways of development of drama and theatrical art of the end of the 19th and beginning of the 20th centuries are clarified. Conclusions and generalizations are made on the basis of articles by B. Shaw and Ya. Mamontov. A range of thematically and problematically close issues that dominate the authors' works and are a valid basis for a comparative analysis of the works of critics have been identified and analyzed. The principles and methods of scientific research (comparative-typological, hermeneutic, cultural-historical, receptive aesthetics) applied in the article contributed to a comprehensive approach to identifying and characterizing common issues in the works of artists. B. Shaw and Ya. Mamontov defended objective and tolerant criticism, which was supposed to professionally characterize theatrical productions and contribute to the formation of the audience's aesthetic tastes. Both authors were impressed by H. Ibsen's original dramaturgy, which, with its themes, system of individualized images, psychological doctrine, depth of current problems (moral and ethical, marital relations, etc.) and conceptually new approaches to staging conflicts, stood out from among the works of the late 19th and early 20th centuries Art. The analyzed works testify to the familiarity of B. Shaw and Ya. Mamontov with the problems of the theater (repertoire, directing, acting), the specifics of the creative laboratory of the leading actors of the world's theaters. It was revealed that the works of foreign playwrights H. Ibsen, S. Przybyshevskyi, and H. Hauptman actively entered the cultural and artistic space of Ukraine at the beginning of the 20th century. Ya. Mamontov was well acquainted with the achievements of foreign writers, he was aware of the importance and perspective of the progressive ideas of European creative forces for the development of Ukrainian literature and theater. B. Shaw and Ya. Mamontov analyze the works of the world's leading playwrights, comment on the innovative approaches of authors who form the foundations of the "new drama", and Europeanize Ukrainian literature and theater.