THE ROLE OF METAPHORS AND METONYMIES IN THE ORGANIZATION OF THINKING AND LANGUAGE IN THE UKRAINIAN AND FOREIGN PHILOLOGICAL FIELD AT THE PRESENT STAGE

Abstract

The article analyzes the state of research of metaphors and metonymies in the Ukrainian and foreign philological field at the present stage with an emphasis on their role in the organization of thinking and language. It is established that cognitive linguistics at the present stage emphasizes the relationship between language and thinking. Metaphor and metonymy, traditionally considered as tropes of rhetoric, in the context of the cognitive approach acquire the status of fundamental cognitive mechanisms that develop understanding of the world and, accordingly, the structure of language. It has been determined that the role of these cognitive mechanisms in various aspects of language activity, from political discourse to foreign language teaching, is being actively studied in Ukrainian and foreign philological space. The main areas of research at the present stage include the study of conceptual metaphors and metonymies in various spheres of life, the analysis of metaphorical and metonymic modeling of political discourse, media space, economic discourse, and military vocabulary. The article analyzes the works of Ukrainian and foreign linguists devoted to the study of metaphorical and metonymic models; the main directions of research on metaphors and metonymies at the present stage are also identified. The study found out that metaphor and metonymy play a key role in developing discourse, influencing the perception of information and decision-making.The study of the role of metaphors and metonymies in the organization of thinking and language contributes to a deeper understanding of the relationship between language, thinking and culture, as well as the development of cognitive linguistics in Ukraine. It is determined that the prospects for further research are related to the expansion of the empirical base, the study of the influence of culture and social change on metaphorical and metonymic models, as well as the development of neurolinguistic research. Research in this area continues to develop actively, opening up new opportunities for understanding the relationship between language, thinking and culture.