ADAPTATION OF FOREIGN NAMES OF VIRTUAL SERVICES IN THE MODERN UKRAINIAN LANGUAGE

Abstract

The article analyzes in detail the peculiarities of the adaptation in the modern Ukrainian language of borrowing names of social networks, messengers, and other virtual services that are often used in the texts of Ukrainian mass media. In particular, it has been found that the studied lexemes, due to demand in society, adapted quite well to Ukrainian phonetic, graphic, and grammatical traditions. It has been determined that, by their morphological nature, foreign names of social networks, messengers, and other virtual services are mostly inflected masculine singular second declension nouns with a consonant stem, and therefore there is no reason to present them in the structure of a sentence as indeclinable nouns. In addition, it has been found out that according to the current "Ukrainian Spelling", in the genitive singular they do not have the variability of endings that occurs in the media texts, but acquire only one ending -у /u:/.The lexeme "Facebook" in the locative singular has grammatical variability of the endings -у /u:/ and -i /i:/, observing the norms of interchange of к /k/ with soft ц /ts/ before the ending -i /i:/. In addition, the proposed work focuses on the need to convey the analyzed names in Ukrainian-language texts using the Ukrainian alphabet, and not Latin letters, and also emphasizes the obligatory observance of the orthographic norms established in the current Ukrainian orthography, namely: without a generic word, they have to be presented in lowercase and without quotation marks, and with a generic word – in quotation marks and with a capital letter. It has been found that the fast adaptation of the studied names in the Ukrainian language environment contributed to their derivational activity. In particular, the newest words derived from them either entered the Ukrainian lexical system or appeared as part of word-forming nests, where the analyzed names became the core units. By grammatical nature, as a rule, these neolexemes are formed by juxtaposition without a connecting vowel from two nouns, and according to the current "Ukrainian Spelling" they must be written with a hyphen and only the second noun-component has to be declined.