METHODS AND DIRECTIONS OF RESEARCH IN THE CONTEXT OF MODERN LINGUISTICS: PROBLEMATIC ISSUES

Abstract

In the article, based on the analysis of works on the methodology of linguistic research, the current problems of 21st-century linguistics have been outlined, and modern research tools have been defined. It is established that today, scholars pay special attention to the latest directions in linguistics, the correlation between methodology and research methods, and the definition of criteria for their classification.A controversial question of modern linguo-methodology is the distinction between the concepts of method, technique, methodology, approach, and procedure: their use as synonyms in some scientific works complicates their understanding and leads to inconsistencies in classification. The application of the dictionary definitions method enabled the determination of differences in the meaning of the terms «method» and «methodology» from the point of view of philosophy and linguistics: method is a way or a system of techniques that is applied during language research; methodology is a system of methods, principles, and approaches applied to the organization and implementation of a specific theoretical or practical activity.It has been defined that the issue of systematising scientific methods is relevant not only for modern linguistics but also for other fields of science. A variety of classifications of research methods, particularly linguistic ones, has been observed, which is caused by different approaches to the study of the phenomenon of language. According to the time criterion, the psycholinguistic, distributional, statistical methods, the method of component analysis, and the modeling method are considered modern and currently the most applied in linguistics, as well as corpus technologies method and algorithmisation of language models using AI.No single method is capable of encompassing the complexity of a phenomenon such as language. Therefore, by using different approaches that complement one another, researchers are able to study language more fully and objectively as a multifaceted phenomenon.