COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE FEATURES OF THE COGNITIVE COMPONENT OF PROACTIVITY IN FUTURE SPECIALISTS OF TECHNICAL AND HUMANITARIAN PROFILES

Abstract

The article presents the results of a comparative analysis of the features of the manifestation of the cognitive component of proactivity in future specialists of technical and humanitarian profiles. To identify significant differences in quantitative indicators (mean values) on the scales of the cognitive component of proactivity the nonparametric method of differences for independent samples Mann-Whitney was used. To test statistical hypotheses regarding the relationship between two categorical variables, Pearson's xi-square test was used.The categorical variables were the type of specialty (humanitarian or technical) and the level of development of proactivity indicators.Comparison of average values for the indicators of the cognitive component of proactivity in the studied subjects differentiated by specialty allowed us to identify trending differences in the level of expression only on the scale of «autonomy in decision-making».Comparative analysis of the percentage distribution of data showed statistically significant differences in the levels of development of such descriptors of the cognitive component of proactivity as «awareness of actions», «predicting the consequences of behavior», «autonomy in decision-making», «personal and situational anticipation», «spatial anticipation» and «temporal anticipation». In the group of future technical specialists, there is a greater variability in levels of awareness (there is also a low level), while in the group of future humanitarian specialists, less variability is recorded (almost all students have a high level). Despite the statistical differences revealed by the xi-square test (χ² = 11.655; p = 0.003) on the scale of «predicting the consequences of behavior» among students of technical and humanitarian specialties, a certain tendency towards similarity of the percentage distribution was recorded. The vast majority of the subjects of both groups assessed their level of predicting the consequences of behavior as high, a third – as average, and a critically small number – as low. The calculated linear-linear relationship (∝=20.669; p = 0.000) proves the presence of a strong relationship between the level of autonomy in decision-making and the type of specialty, which indicates a tendency towards greater autonomy among future specialists in the humanitarian field compared to future specialists in the technical field. It was found that in both samples the majority of the subjects studied had an average level of anticipation, although this indicator was somewhat higher in the humanitarian field. The analysis of the results of the study of reflexivity did not confirm significant differences in the manifestation of one or another type of reflection in the subjects studied.