MODERN METHODS OF SOFT SKILLS DEVELOPMENT CHILDREN OF MIDDLE SCHOOL AGE WITH DISORDERS OF INTELLECTUAL DEVELOPMENT: A REVIEW

Abstract

The author of the article draws attention to modern scientific research in the field of pedagogy and psychology, which highlights the problems of developing “soft skills”. The methods that are already used in world practice are analyzed, as well as the latest approaches that can be adapted for use in the educational process with children who have special educational needs, in particular, intellectual development disorders, are proposed. An important component is also highlighting the practical aspects of the integration of children of this category into the social environment, which includes both school life and preparation for independent adult life. The material of the article offers an overview of modern approaches and methods for the development of soft skills, such as effective communication, empathy, critical thinking, problem solving and cooperation among children of secondary school age, especially those with intellectual disabilities. The focus is on the importance of integrating these skills into the social environment and preparing for independent living. The author analyzes a number of innovative educational programs, including “Leader in Me”, which promotes the development of leadership skills and “soft skills” in the school environment. Also considered is the “Project-Based Learning” (PBL) method, which emphasizes the involvement of students in complex projects that integrate knowledge and skills from different subject areas, and the “MindUP” program, which focuses on the development of emotional intelligence, conscious attention and positive thinking. The article emphasizes that these programs contribute to the creation of a comprehensive educational experience that prepares students for the challenges of the modern world by integrating academic knowledge with life skills. They contribute to the creation of an inclusive learning environment, taking into account the diverse needs of all students, and help children with intellectual disabilities reach their full potential and integrate into the wider educational and social environment. The content of the article is aimed at specialists in the field of special education, inclusive education, psychology and the general circle of readers interested in the issues of inclusive education and the development of children with special needs.