SATELLITE DATA APPLICATION FOR MONITORING AND ANALYZING PEATLAND FIRES IN POLTAVA REGION (AUGUST- NOVEMBER 2024)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32782/naturalspu/2025.1.18Keywords:
peat fires, remote sensing, satellite monitoring, Sentinel-2, NDVI, NDWI, NBR, GCI, Poltava region, Lubensky district, environmental monitoring, multispectral analysis, SWIR, peatlands, environmental safety, fire safetyAbstract
The article is devoted to the study of peat fires in the Poltava region using remote sensing methods. Peatlands are important ecosystems that play a key role in regulating water balance, preserving biodiversity and accumulating carbon. However, they are often negatively affected by fires, which leads to environmental and economic damage. The paper considers the features of peat fires, their causes and consequences, as well as the possibilities of using satellite data for their monitoring and analysis. The study was conducted using the example of the Lubensky district of the Poltava region, where 10 non-forest peatland fires were recorded between August and November 2024. Satellite images of Sentinel-2 L2A were used for monitoring, which made it possible to detect active foci of combustion and burnt areas. The use of multispectral analysis, in particular the channels of the short-wave infrared range (SWIR), as well as vegetation (NDVI), water (NDWI) indices, Normalized Burn Ratio (NBR), and Green Chlorophyll Index (GCI), made it possible to assess the degree of damage to vegetation and the hydrological regime of peatlands. The results of the study confirmed the high efficiency of using satellite data to monitor peat fires and their consequences. The detection of primary combustion foci is critical for establishing the causes of fires and planning fire-fighting measures. The analysis of the NDVI time dynamics showed a significant decrease in the state of vegetation after fires. The article emphasizes the need for further research using remote sensing methods to monitor peat fires, as well as the importance of combining satellite data with ground and aerial observations to obtain a more complete picture of the state of peatlands.
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