HILSTORICAL PREREQUISITES FOR THE FORMATION OF BIODYNAMICS AS A DIRECTION OF HEALTHCARE

Abstract

The article provides a detailed historical and theoretical analysis of the prerequisites for the formation of biodynamics as an independent direction of health care in the context of the emergence of body-oriented therapy in the 20th century. The relevance of the study is due to the increase in psycho-emotional stress, the spread of chronic stress and psychosomatic disorders, which require integrative models of supporting and restoring human health. In modern conditions, the fragmentation of medical and psychological approaches highlights the need to understand holistic concepts that combine bodily, emotional and cognitive processes into a single system of regulation. The aim of the work is to systematize the historical and theoretical foundations of the formation of the biodynamic approach and to substantiate its place in the modern scientific discourse of health preservation. In the process of research, methods of theoretical analysis and generalization of scientific sources, historical and logical analysis of the evolution of bodily concepts, comparative analysis of approaches, as well as interpretation of their provisions in the context of modern rehabilitation and preventive practices were applied. The contribution of Wilhelm Reich to the formation of the body-oriented paradigm is considered, in particular his concept of the muscular armor as the somatic equivalent of psychological defense mechanisms and the idea of the functional unity of mental and somatic processes. The further development of his ideas in the bioenergetic analysis of Alexander Lowen, who developed a characterological model of body structure and substantiated the importance of grounding, breathing, and bodily expression in the processes of emotional regulation, is analyzed. It is proven that the common conceptual basis of these directions is the understanding of the body as a carrier of psycho-emotional experience, a regulatory resource and a tool for personal transformation. Based on the analysis, it is proposed to consider biodynamics as a holistic interdisciplinary system that integrates bodily awareness, attention, movement, breathing and self-regulation mechanisms in the practices of preserving and restoring health.