PECULIARITIES OF MENTAL DEVELOPMENT OF PUPILS WITH HEARING IMPAIRMENT AND THEIR INFLUENCE ON THE STATE OF MOTOR ACTIVITY

Abstract

The article provides a comprehensive analysis of the peculiarities of mental development of students with hearing impairment and their impact on the state of motor activity. It is considered that hearing impairment is a serious sensory defect that affects not only the child's speech development, but also the formation of his/her psyche, social adaptation and motor activity. Students with hearing impairment have specific features of mental development, including slower speech development, limited passive and active vocabulary, difficulties in communication, and reduced cognitive activity. Limited auditory perception complicates the processes of cognition of the world around us, which, in turn, leads to a lag in the development of such mental functions as attention, memory, thinking, and emotional and volitional sphere. These disorders have a direct impact on students' motor skills. Studies show that students with hearing impairments have reduced coordination, poorer balance, slower formation of spatial representations, and less endurance compared to their normal hearing peers.Due to difficulties in learning instructions and limited communication with peers, such students often show less initiative in physical activity and less participation in collective forms of physical exercise. Evidence-based approaches to organizing physical education should take into account both the mental and physiological characteristics of such students. Thus, motor activity is a key factor in the harmonious psychophysical development of students with hearing impairment. The psychological characteristics of students with hearing impairment are formed under the influence of sensory deprivation, speech deficit and social barriers. However, with the right pedagogical and psychological support, students with hearing impairment can successfully develop and learn. It is necessary to provide an adapted learning environment, access to sign language, the use of visual materials, and the development of alternative ways of communication.