PECULIARITIES OF USING INTERVAL TRAINING TOOLS IN THE PHYSICAL PREPARATION OF FOOTBALL PLAYERS

Abstract

Football belongs to game sports characterized by high intensity and a complex structure of motor actions. The specificity of competitive load in this sport determines the need for a high level of athletes’ physical fitness, which involves the development of general and special endurance, speed and speed-strength qualities, coordination abilities, as well as the capacity to effectively perform intensive motor actions under changing game conditions. The purpose of the article is to analyze scientific and methodological approaches to the use of interval training as an effective means of improving the physical preparation of football players. Studies of domestic scholars are analyzed, which consider interval training as a system of exercises with alternating high intensity and recovery periods that contributes to the development of aerobic-anaerobic capabilities, an increase in the lactate threshold, and improvement of movement economy. A classification of interval methods is presented: high-intensity interval training (HIIT), repeated-interval training, fartlek, etc. Based on the analysis of scientific research, it is noted that the preparatory period is the most optimal for the use of the interval method, since it is during this time that interval training plays a significant role in forming the aerobic-anaerobic base, allowing a gradual increase in training intensity and adaptation of football players’ bodies to competitive conditions without the risk of premature fatigue. Options for implementing interval training programs in football are presented, which are based on performing complexes of various exercise combinations; structuring by types of physical load; performing constantly varied functional movements at relatively high intensity (CrossFit). A weekly cycle “Workout of the Day” in CrossFit is presented. Sample complexes of intensive training for the generalpreparatory and special-preparatory stages of the preparatory period of the annual cycle have been developed. Thus, interval training is a powerful means of optimizing the physical preparation of football players.