THEORETICAL FOUNDATIONS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF MOVEMENT QUALITIES OF CHILDREN OF PRIMARY SCHOOL AGE IN PHYSICAL EDUCATION LESSONS

Abstract

The article is devoted to the theoretical foundations of the development of primary school children’s motor skills in physical education lessons. The relevance of the study is due to the need to find effective methods and approaches to physical education aimed at the harmonious development of the child, the formation of his motor skills and general physical health. Primary school age is recognized as a key stage in the formation of motor skills, since it is during this period that the musculoskeletal system, nervous system and coordination abilities are actively developing. The article analyzes modern scientific approaches to the definition of motor skills, among which speed, strength, endurance, flexibility and coordination are distinguished. Special attention is paid to the psychophysiological characteristics of primary school children, which affect the process of learning motor actions. It is determined that the development of motor skills should be based on the principles of individualization, accessibility, systematicity and consistency, which ensures the effective acquisition of motor skills and the formation of a positive attitude towards physical activity.The authors of the article propose a set of pedagogical conditions aimed at optimizing the process of developing motor skills, among them: the use of game teaching methods, the application of a differentiated approach to each pupil, the integration of various forms of motor activity (games, relay races, coordination exercises, etc.). Special emphasis is placed on the importance of creating a motivational environment that stimulates primary school children to actively engage in motor activity. The article also contains recommendations for organizing physical education lessons that contribute to the development of children’s motor skills. An important aspect is the use of innovative technologies, such as multimedia tools, to increase the interest of primary school children in physical activity.The results of the study may be useful for physical education teachers, methodologists and scientists who deal with the problems of physical education among primary school children. The article emphasizes the need for further research in this area to develop new methods and approaches that will ensure the comprehensive development of motor skills of primary school pupils.