WASTE MANAGEMENT IN THE LVIV REGION: TECHNOLOGIES AND SUSTAINABLE MANAGEMENT

Abstract

A comprehensive analysis of the current industrial and household waste management system in the Lviv region for the period from 2022 to 2024 has been conducted. The relevance of this issue stems from the critical accumulation of over 5 million tons of waste and an average landfill capacity utilization rate of 75%, which, given the current state of martial law and the energy crisis, poses additional man-made risks to the region. The aim of the work is to establish patterns between the structure of waste generation and the existing infrastructure for its treatment to determine strategic vectors of environmental safety. The study examined in detail the performance indicators of the largest industrial accumulators, particularly JSC DTEK Zakhidenergo, which generated 969,063 tons of ash, and LLC Barkom, with a volume of 74,753 tons of biogenic residues. The results of the analysis showed a decline in total generation to 2,172,500 tons in 2024, with a simultaneous increase in the volume of raw materials transferred to third-party operators to 940,500 tons. A deep territorial specialization was identified, with the Sheptytskyi district concentrating more than 1,178,500 tons of mineral residues, and the Stryi district accumulating the largest share of liquid sludge in the region, amounting to 28,038 tons. The results obtained indicate a trend towards the professionalization of the waste management market and a shift in strategies towards energy recovery, which accounts for over 99% of incineration processes. The scientific novelty of the work lies in the justification of the logistical transformation of secondary raw material flows in conditions of capacity shortage. Strategic measures to improve the situation include the establishment of intermunicipal management centers, the implementation of mechanical-biological treatment technologies, and the use of industrial waste in road construction. The practical significance of the study lies in the use of data for the design of six sorting lines and the optimization of the network of points for the separate collection of hazardous fractions. The results can be directly applied to the modernization of 22 authorized landfills and the development of reclamation plans for 140.15 hectares of disturbed land, with the aim of restoring the region’s ecological balance