TERMINOLOGY OF THE EDUCATIONAL TOURISM SPHERE IN THE ENGLISH AND THE GERMAN LANGUAGES: LEXIC-SEMANTIC AND STRUCTURAL PECULIARITIES

Abstract

The article considers the terms of English and German in the field of educational tourism. The authors determine the structural and semantic features of English-language and German-language terms in the field of educational tourism. The term is a means of nominating a professional concept of the relevant field, and its terminology is represented by a set of similar units. English-language terms in the field of tourism are heterogeneous in structure. They are represented by single-component and multi-component units. Single-component terms are nouns, verbs, adjectives and adverbs. Multi-component units prevail over single-component ones. The most common in tourism terminology are two- and three-component word combinations, which are formed according to the structural models noun + noun, adjective + noun, Participle I + noun, Participle II + noun, numeral + noun, noun + noun + noun and adjective + noun + noun. The terminology also includes abbreviations formed by shortening individual words or all words of multi-component terms, as well as their parts or individual letters. The English-language terminology of the tourism industry is characterized by the heterogeneity of its semantic composition: it includes not only terms directly related to tourism activities, but also borrowings from economics, law, information technologies, transport, sports, medicine and other areas. This is explained by the specifics of the tourism industry itself and a wide range of concepts that relate not only to it, but also to related areas of human activity. A similar situation is observed in German tourism terminology. Here too, two- and three-component word combinations prevail, which are often combined into compound nouns, for example Studentenaustauschprogramm (student exchange program), Sprachlernreise (language trip), dozentengeleiteter Workshop (lecturer-led workshop). German terminology actively uses abbreviations, such as DAAD (Deutscher Akademischer Austauschdienst) or FSJ (Freiwilliges Soziales Jahr), which are formed by shortening the initial letters or syllables of words. Like English, German tourism terminology borrows units from other fields, in particular economics, law, medicine and education, which allows for the accurate transmission of the content of complex concepts and processes in the field of tourism. In this regard, the English-language terminology of the tourism industry is a complex, multifaceted systemic and structural formation, actualized by lexical and semantic microfields, the units of which are means of designating types of tourism and travel; features and locations of tourists; types of transport that ensure their delivery and transportation; types of recreation and entertainment for tourists; equipment for tourists; inventory of tourists; food for tourists; subjects of the industry; processes occurring in it; its tariffs and payments; documents; types of tourist companies and organizations; seasonal features of tourism; diseases associated with travel. Some of the specified lexical-semantic fields are divided into smaller lexical-semantic groups. The development of German terminology in the field of tourism is of great importance for future scholars of philology and pedagogical practitioners, since global tourism is closely related to For international speakers, knowledge of specialized vocabulary helps you to effectively navigate any situation: from booking tickets and hotel rooms to participation in excursions the rise of non-transferable problems while traveling around the world, while participating in scientific conferences and exchange programs in Germany.